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Non
Qualified Retirement Strategies
Retirement
- Will You Have Enough?
Popular financial advice often suggests that
households should aim to replace between 65 and 85 percent
of pre-retirement income in retirement in order to maintain
their pre-retirement living standards.
Some households can achieve replacement rates
that are in the recommended range through Social Security
and pension income alone. Others can reach these replacement
rates with the addition of income from part-time work during
retirement, housing equity and inheritances.
But most households will need to rely on their
savings to supplement their other retirement income. Yet,
reports in the popular press often warn that Americans are
not saving enough for retirement.
How accurate are these warnings?
Do People Think That They Are Saving Enough?
Surveys that ask people about their retirement preparedness
yield mixed results. For example, one recent survey by the
Academy of Actuaries found that nearly two-thirds of working
Americans feel confident that they will live comfortably in
retirement and almost three-quarters have started saving for
retirement. However, the same survey also found that over
half of workers feel they are behind schedule for planning
and saving for retirement. Workers who have done a "retirement
needs calculation" are more likely to be confident that
they will live comfortably in retirement and are less likely
to feel that they are behind schedule for planning and saving
for retirement. However, more than one-half of workers have
yet to determine how much retirement savings they will need.
What Have Economic Studies Found?
Many studies suggest that Americans nearing retirement need
additional savings to allow them to maintain their current
living standards in retirement. However, these studies may
exaggerate the extent to which households have inadequate
retirement savings. In particular, these studies exhibit one
or more of the following limitations: ignoring housing equity,
ignoring other sources of income that can be used to finance
consumption during retirement, and disregarding continued
saving prior to retirement.
In addition, when researchers estimate how
much saving individuals will need - measured in terms of wealth
as a share of earnings - these savings targets are often interpreted
as minimum requirements, thereby ignoring that current earnings
may not accurately reflect average lifetime earnings. This
possibility requires that, rather than a single savings target,
researchers consider an alternative measure of savings adequacy
that incorporates a distribution of targets that could allow
households to maintain their pre-retirement living standards
in retirement.
When all of these considerations are taken
into account, preliminary evidence suggests that saving may
be adequate for a majority of households. Even so, there is
some evidence of under saving among the 5 to 25 percent of
households with the lowest wealth-to-earnings ratios.
Although many workers feel they are behind
schedule for planning and saving for retirement, adopting
a broader interpretation of savings targets suggests that
a majority of households will have sufficient resources for
retirement. However, with the potential of a decrease in future
Social Security benefits and the shift in private pensions
from defined benefit to defined contribution plans, future
retirees may need to rely more heavily on household savings
to fund their retirement years. Therefore, it will be important
to continue monitoring savings behavior to assess whether
it is adequate to meet future retirement needs.
The amount of your Social Security payments
is determined, in part, by your age when you retire. You will
receive reduced payments if you retire early and increased
payments if you wait until after your normal retirement age.
However, only 1 in 6 Americans waits until age 65 to retire.
Add continuing advances in medical treatment, health care
and nutrition, and you could end up living many more years
in retirement than you saved for.
Plan for the best scenario and add five or
ten years' life expectancy to whatever projection you make
- and then fill out our contact form to
have a professional plan created for you to ensure you are
protected in your "golden years".
| Traditional IRA/ROTH | Pension Profit Sharing |
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